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Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea

Author/s: Hamilton, Keith W., Cifu, Adam S.

Infectious diarrhea is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. In the United States, 179 million cases of acute diarrhea occur per year. Most diarrheal illnesses are self-limited and do not require evaluation or treatment beyond supportive care such as rehydration. Some infections do require...

Keywords/Tags:
infectious diarrhea stool testing

A Randomized Trial of E-Cigarettes versus Nicotine-Replacement Therapy

Author/s: Hajek, Peter, Phillips-Waller, Anna, Przulj, Dunja, Pesola, Francesca, Smith, Katie Myers, Bisal, Natalie, Li, Jinshuo, Parrott, Steve, Sasieni, Peter, Dawkins, Lynne, Ross, Louise, Goniewicz, Maciej, Wu, Qi, McRobbie, Hayden J.

BACKGROUND

E-cigarettes are commonly used in attempts to stop smoking, but evidence is limited regarding their effectiveness as compared with that of nicotine products approved as smoking-cessation treatments.

METHODS

We randomly assigned adults attending U.K. National...

Keywords/Tags:
e-cigarettes smoking nicotine

Parents' Guide to Childhood Immunizations

Author/s: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

The CDC childhood immunizations frequently asked questions.
Keywords/Tags:
immunizations vaccination vaccines user guide patient education

Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Author/s: Henrikson, Nora B., Bowles, Erin J. Aiello, Blasi, Paula R., Morrison, Caitlin C., Nguyen, Matt, Pillarisetty, Venu G., Lin, Jennifer S.

Objective: We conducted a systematic evidence review to support the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in updating their recommendation on screening for pancreatic cancer. Our review addresses the following Key Questions (KQs):
1. Does screening for pancreatic adenocarcinoma...

Keywords/Tags:
pancreatic cancer obesity risk factors patient care

Clinically Diagnosing Pertussis-associated Cough in Adults and Children: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report

Author/s: Moore, Abigail, Harnden, Anthony, Grant, Cameron C., Patel, Sheena, Irwin, Richard S.

BACKGROUND:

The decision to treat a suspected case of pertussis with antibiotics is usually based on a clinical diagnosis rather than waiting for laboratory confirmation. The current guideline focuses on making the clinical diagnosis of pertussis-associated cough in adults and children....

Keywords/Tags:
cough evidence-based medicine guidelines infectious disease diagnosis

Association of Aspirin Use for Primary Prevention With Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author/s: Zheng, Sean L., Roddick, Alistair J.

IMPORTANCE:

The role for aspirin in cardiovascular primary prevention remains controversial, with potential benefits limited by an increased bleeding risk.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the association of aspirin use for primary prevention with cardiovascular events and bleeding....

Keywords/Tags:
aspirin bleeding events cardiovascular events

Research-to-Practice-Research (RPR) Exchange User Guide

Author/s: Mold, James W.

The user guide for the Research-to-Practice-Research (RPR) Exchange.
Keywords/Tags:
user guide

Guide to Enhancing Referrals and Consultations Between Physicians

Access to care is a challenge for many of our patients. The College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC) and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (Royal College) recognize that every possible measure must be taken to help ensure access to timely and quality medical and other...

Keywords/Tags:
referral and consultation patient care physicians

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults

Author/s: Demicheli, Vittorio, Jefferson, Tom, Ferroni, Eliana, Rivetti, Alessandro, Pietrantonj, Carlo Di

BACKGROUND:

The consequences of influenza in adults are mainly time off work. Vaccination of pregnant women is recommended internationally. This is an update of a review published in 2014. Future updates of this review will be made only when new trials or vaccines become available....

Keywords/Tags:
vaccination

Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer’s disease brains: Evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors

Author/s: Dominy, Stephen S., Lynch, Casey, Ermini, Florian, Benedyk, Malgorzata, Marczyk, Agata, Konradi, Andrei, Nguyen, Mai, Haditsch, Ursula, Raha, Debasish, Griffin, Christina, Holsinger, Leslie J., Arastu-Kapur, Shirin, Kaba, Samer, Lee, Alexander, Ryder, Mark I., Potempa, Barbara, Mydel, Piotr, Hellvard, Annelie, Adamowicz, Karina, Hasturk, Hatice, Walker, Glenn D., Reynolds, Eric C., Faull, Richard L., Curtis, Maurice A., Dragunow, Mike, Potempa, Jan

Porphyromonas gingivalis, the keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, was identified in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Toxic proteases from the bacterium called gingipains were also identified in the brain of Alzheimer’s patients, and levels correlated with tau and...

Keywords/Tags:
alzheimer's disease porphyromonas gingivalis small molecule inhibitors

RPR User Guide

Research-to-Practice-to-Research (RPR) Exchange

If you need assistance with the RPR Exchange, please use the QOS form and leave a question or suggestion.  We review them regularly and will get back with you.  If you  need general information about using the RPR Exchange, the User Guide is available on-line.  You might also find the FAQs useful for some of the common questions RPR users have.