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Long-Term Health Outcomes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review of Comparative Studies Evaluating Positive Airway Pressure and the Validity of Breathing Measures as Surrogate Outcomes

Author/s: Balk, E. M., Adam, G. P., Cao, W., Bhuma, M. R., Forbes, S., Mehta, S., Panagiotou, O., D'Ambrosio, C., Trikalinos, T. A.

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by periods of airflow
cessation (apnea) or reduced airflow (hypopnea) during sleep. The diagnosis and severity of
OSA, and response to therapy, have historically been assessed using the apnea-hypopnea index
(...

Keywords/Tags:
CPAP Obstructive sleep apnea sleep apnea systematic review breathing measures

Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence

Author/s: Warburton, D. E. R., Nicol, C. W., Bredin, S. S. D.

The primary purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight into the role physical inactivity plays in the development of chronic disease and premature death. We confirm that there is irrefutable evidence of the effectiveness of regular...

Keywords/Tags:
Health Behavior exercise Health Status Chronic Disease physical activity

Individualized antidepressant therapy in patients with major depressive disorder: Novel evidence-informed decision support tool

Author/s: Chin, T., Huyghebaert, T., Svrcek, C., Oluboka, O.

Objective: To introduce a visual clinical decision support tool to assist with individualizing first-line antidepressant pharmacotherapy for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) in a Canadian context.

Sources of information: A literature review was conducted with Google Scholar,...

Keywords/Tags:
Systematic Reviews as Topic antidepressive agents Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors Major Depressive Disorder SSRI

Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Author/s: Ramissoon, R., Shah, V. H.

This article is part of a Festschrift commemorating the 50th anniversary of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Established in 1970, first as part of the National Institute of Mental Health and later as an independent institute of the National Institutes of Health,...

Keywords/Tags:
alcoholism liver diseases alcoholism complications alcoholism diagnosis alcohol misuse

Suicide Prevention in Primary Care: A Toolkit for Primary Care Clinicians and Leaders

Author/s: Institute of Family Health, Little, V.

Suicide prevention has been named a national priority and much work has been done to review existing evidence and identify gaps in how our nation’s mental health and health care systems address this public health challenge. A national task force that was part of the effort to update the national...

Keywords/Tags:
public health Patient safety mental health Suicide Prevention evidence-based medicine

2022 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

Author/s: Wyckoff, M. H., Greif, R., Morely, P. T., Ng, K., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Cheng, A., Drennan, I. R., Liley, H. G., Scholefield, B. R., Smyth, M. A., Welsford, M., Zideman, D. A., Acworth, J., Aickin, R., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Borra, V., Böttiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castrén, M., Chang, W., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Couto, T. B., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., Fernanda de Almeida, M., R. de Caen, A., Deakin, C. D., Djärv, T., Donnino, M. W., Douma, M. J., Duff, J. P., Dunne, C. L., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J., Fogila, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A., Guinsburg, R., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H., Kleinman, M., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y. J., Lockey, A. S., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Hansen, C. M., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., McKinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Morgan, P., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., O'Neill, B. J., Ong, Y. G., Orkin, A. M., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. F., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rüdiger, M., Sakamota, T., Sandroni, C., Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmölzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Trevisanuto, D., Van de Voorde, P., Wang, T., Weiner, G. M., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M.

This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence...

Keywords/Tags:
AHA Scientific Statements Advanced life support basic life support cardiac arrest first aid resuscitation

Diagnosis and Management of Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Author/s: Cabrera, E., Crespo, G., VanWagner, L.B.

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder that results in unregulated and excessive intestinal iron absorption leading to overabundance of iron deposition in tissue. HH is most common in people of northern European ancestry, for whom the prevalence is 1 case per 300...

Keywords/Tags:
Hemochromatosis Protein diagnosis Hereditary hemochromatosis management diagnosis and management

Physical Activity: Home-based Exercise Interventions for Adults Aged 65 years and Older

The Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF) recommends home-based exercise interventions to improve physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, muscle power, muscle endurance, balance) among adults aged 65 years and older. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition...

Keywords/Tags:
Retired Over 65 exercise Physical Fitness Fitness

Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Rapid Living Review

Author/s: Mackey, K., Arkhipova-Jenkins, I., Armstrong, C., Gean, E., Anderson, J., Paynter, R. A., Helfand, M.

The aims of this rapid systematic review are to synthesize evidence on the prevalence, levels, and durability of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults and how antibodies correlate with protective immunity. Given the rapidly evolving evidence within this field, the Agency for...

Keywords/Tags:
Health Services Research physicians Societies United States Immunity

Looking Back, Looking Forward: Current Medications and Innovative Potential Medications to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder

Author/s: Mason, B. J.

This article is part of a Festschrift commemorating the 50th anniversary of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Established in 1970, first as part of the National Institute of Mental Health and later as an independent institute of the National Institutes of Health,...

Keywords/Tags:
alcohol alcoholism National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.) National Institutes of Health (U.S.) naltrexone

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