Weight Gain

The most common cause of hypothyroidism worldwide is insufficient intake of iodine, a mineral found in iodized salt and some foods (such as seafood and dairy) that is needed for production of thyroid hormones. In the US and other high-income countries, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune condition called Hashimoto thyroiditis.1

Author/s:

Krista Roberts

I Am Taking a GLP-1 Weight-Loss Medication—What Should I Know?

Megan George — Thu, 04 Sep 2025 19:54:15 +0000

Date Added:

September 4, 2025

Journal/Publication:

JAMA Internal Medicine

Publication Date:

July 14, 2025

URL:

I Am Taking a GLP-1 Weight-Loss Medication—What Should I Know?

Type:

Patient Education Materials

Format:

Poster

DOI (1):

10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.1133

Keywords

diet

GLP-1

weight loss

PMID (1):

40658429

MeSH

glucagon-like peptide 1

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

Information for patients about GLP-1 medications. James W. Mold, MD, MPH

View

This JAMA Internal Medicine Patient Page describes how glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists work and what behaviors to adopt while using them.

Author/s:

Farhad Mehrtash, Jody Dushay, JoAnn E. Manson

What Are Eating Disorders?

Megan George — Mon, 07 Jul 2025 13:25:22 +0000

Date Added:

July 7, 2025

Journal/Publication:

JAMA Patient Page

Publication Date:

June 26, 2025

Type:

Patient Education Materials

Format:

Article

DOI (1):

10.1001/jama.2025.8338

Keywords

Psychiatry and Behavioral Health

Patient Information

jama Patient Information

Feeding and Eating Disorders

PMID (1):

40569588

MeSH

binge-eating disorder

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Bulimia

Weight Gain

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Information for patients about eating disorders. James W. Mold, MD, MPH

View

This JAMA Patient Page describes the most common types of eating disorders, risk factors for eating disorders, and treatment options.

Approach to Obesity Treatment in Primary Care: A Review

Erin Blanchette — Tue, 19 Mar 2024 17:28:36 +0000

Date Added:

March 19, 2024

Journal/Publication:

JAMA Internal Medicine

Publisher:

American Medical Association

Publication Date:

March 11, 2024

URL:

Approach to Obesity Treatment in Primary Care: A Review

Type:

Meta-analyses, Reviews, and Guidelines

Format:

Article

DOI (1):

10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8526

Keywords

PMID (1):

38466272

MeSH

A review of current recommended primary care approaches for helping patients lose weight and keep it off. James W. Mold, MD, MPH

Free full text

View

Importance: More than 40% of US adults have obesity, which increases the risks for multiple chronic diseases and premature mortality. Historically, nonsurgical interventions often have not led to sufficient weight loss and maintenance to improve health, but highly effective antiobesity medications (AOMs) have recently become available, and additional effective therapeutics are under development. Given that most medical care for adults with obesity is delivered in primary care settings, guidance for integrating weight-management approaches is needed.

Observations: Lifestyle interventions can lead to a mean weight loss of 2% to 9% of initial weight at 1 year and increase the likelihood of weight loss of 5% or more, but weight regain over time is common even with continued treatment. Adjunctive treatments, including AOMs and surgical approaches, can lead to larger, more sustained weight loss and improvements in numerous obesity-associated medical conditions. Highly effective AOMs, including nutrient-stimulated hormone-based therapies, induce mean weight loss of 15% or more. Barriers to intervention, including access to care, have a disproportionate influence on populations most affected by obesity and its consequences.

Conclusions and relevance: Primary care clinicians play a vital role in the assessment, management, and support of patients with obesity. With careful clinical assessment and shared decision-making, a flexible treatment plan can be developed that reflects evidence of treatment efficacy, patient preference, and feasibility of implementation. Adjunctive therapies to lifestyle interventions, including more effective pharmacotherapeutics for obesity, offer hope to patients and the potential for considerable improvements in health and quality of life.

Author/s:

Susan Z Yanovski, Jack A Yanovski

Changes in nut consumption influence long-term weight change in US men and women

John Bayhi — Fri, 27 Sep 2019 12:59:01 +0000

Date Added:

September 27, 2019

Journal/Publication:

BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health

Publisher:

BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health (Cambridge)

Publication Date:

September 23, 2019

URL:

Changes in nut consumption influence long-term weight change in US men and women

Type:

Clinical Research Results

Format:

Article

DOI (1):

10.1136/bmjnph-2019-000034

Keywords

MeSH

Epidemiological Studies

More evidence that eating nuts is good for people. James W. Mold, MD, MPH

Free full text

View

Background Nut consumption has increased in the US but little evidence exists on the association between changes in nut consumption and weight change. We aimed to evaluate the association between changes in total consumption of nuts and intakes of different nuts (including peanuts) and long-term weight change, in three independent cohort studies.

Methods and findings Data collected in three prospective, longitudinal cohorts among health professionals in the US were analysed. We included 27 521 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986 to 2010), 61 680 women (Nurses’ Health Study, 1986 to 2010), and 55 684 younger women (Nurses’ Health Study II, 1991 to 2011) who were free of chronic disease at baseline in the analyses. We investigated the association between changes in nut consumption over 4-year intervals and concurrent weight change over 20–24 years of follow-up using multivariate linear models with an unstructured correlation matrix to account for within-individual repeated measures. 21 322 individuals attained a body mass index classification of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) at the end of follow-up.

Average weight gain across the three cohorts was 0.32 kg each year. Increases in nut consumption, per 0.5 servings/day (14 g), was significantly associated with less weight gain per 4-year interval (p<0.01 for all): −0.19 kg (95% CI -0.21 to -0.17) for total consumption of nuts, -0.37 kg (95% CI -0.45 to -0.30) for walnuts, -0.36 kg (95% CI -0.40 to -0.31) for other tree nuts, and -0.15 kg (95% CI -0.19 to -0.11) for peanuts.

Increasing intakes of nuts, walnuts, and other tree nuts by 0.5 servings/day was associated with a lower risk of obesity. The multivariable adjusted RR for total nuts, walnuts, and other tree nuts was 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.99, p=0.0036), 0.85 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.89, p=0.0002), and 0.89 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.91, p<0.0001), respectively. Increasing nut consumption was also associated with a lower risk of gaining ≥2 kg or ≥5 kg (RR 0.89–0.98, p<0.01 for all).

In substitution analyses, substituting 0.5 servings/day of nuts for red meat, processed meat, French fries, desserts, or potato, chips (crisps) was associated with less weight gain (p<0.05 for all).

Our cohorts were largely composed of Caucasian health professionals with relatively higher socioeconomic status; thus the results may not be generalisable to other populations.

Conclusion Increasing daily consumption of nuts is associated with less long-term weight gain and a lower risk of obesity in adults. Replacing 0.5 servings/day of less healthful foods with nuts may be a simple strategy to help prevent gradual long-term weight gain and obesity.

Author/s:

X, Li, Y, Guasch-Ferre, M, Willett, WC, Drouin-Chartier, JP, Bhupathiraju, SN, Tobias, DK