Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Atherosclerotic CVD remains the leading cause of death for people of most racial/ethnic groups. In 2010, the AHA suggested metrics of ideal cardiovascular health in 7 domains (blood pressure, physical activity, cholesterol, diet, weight, smoking, and blood glucose). There have since been multiple related guideline updates and scientific statements. In 2017, the ACC/AHA Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines commissioned an updated guideline integrating existing and new recommendations into a unified and “user-friendly” document on primary prevention of ASCVD.

Author/s:

Jain, A, Davis, AM

Meta-Analysis of Oral Anticoagulant Monotherapy as an Antithrombotic Strategy in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

John Bayhi — Thu, 12 Sep 2019 13:06:34 +0000

Date Added:

September 12, 2019

Journal/Publication:

The American Journal of Cardiology

Publisher:

Elsevier Inc.

Publication Date:

September 15, 2019

Issue:

Volume:

124

Pages:

879-885

URL:

Meta-Analysis of Oral Anticoagulant Monotherapy as an Antithrombotic Strategy in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

Type:

Meta-analyses, Reviews, and Guidelines

Format:

Article

DOI (1):

10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.05.072

Keywords

atrial fibrillation

coronary artery disease

CAD

myocardial infarction

stroke

PMID (1):

31311662

MeSH

atrial fibrillation

coronary artery disease

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

myocardial infarction

anticoagulants

stroke

This systematic review found that it is unwise to add low-dose aspirin to warfarin in patients with CAD and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (no benefit; more bleeding). James W. Mold, MD, MPH

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Guidelines recommend oral anticoagulant (OAC) monotherapy without antiplatelet therapy (APT) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) of >1 year after myocardial infarction or percutaneous coronary intervention. More evidences are required for the safety and efficacy of OAC monotherapy compared with OAC plus APT. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched up to February 2019. Nonrandomized studies and randomized clinical trials comparing OAC monotherapy with OAC plus single APT (SAPT) for patients with stable CAD and nonvalvular AF. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of ischemic or thrombotic events) and secondary outcomes included major bleeding, stroke, all-cause death, and net adverse events (composite of ischemic, thrombotic, or bleeding events). From 6 trials, 8,855 patients were included. There was no significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular event in patients with AF treated using OAC plus SAPT compared with those treated with OAC monotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92 to 1.29). OAC plus SAPT was associated with a significantly higher risk of major bleeding compared with OAC monotherapy (HR 1.61; 95% CI 1.38 to 1.87), as well as in terms of net adverse event (HR 1.21; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.43). There were no significant differences in rates of stroke and all-cause death. In conclusion, in this meta-analysis, OAC monotherapy and OAC plus SAPT treatment showed similar effectiveness, but OAC monotherapy was significantly associated with a lower risk of bleeding compared with OAC plus SAPT in patients with nonvalvular AF and stable CAD.

Author/s:

Lee, SR, Rhee, TM, Kang, DY, Choi, EK, Oh, S, Lip, GYH