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Diagnosis and Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Review

Author/s: Sekeres, M. A., Taylor, J.

Importance Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), formerly known as myelodysplastic syndromes, are clonal hematopoietic malignancies that cause morphologic bone marrow dysplasia along with anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. MDS are associated with an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (...

Keywords/Tags:
Leukemia Hematinics Prognosis Myedysplastic syndromes drug therapy

Treatment of Clostridioides difficile Infection

Author/s: Sehgal, K., Cifu, A. S., Khanna, S.

Clostridioides difficile infection is a common nosocomial and community-acquired cause of diarrhea, with an estimated 453 000 cases per year in the United States.1 Treatment of CDI is based on severity and recurrence risk.
Keywords/Tags:
Humans United States Diarrhea C. diff infections

2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension

Author/s: Humbert, M., Kovacs, G., Hoeper, M. M., Badagliacca, R., Berger, R. M. F., Brida, M., Carlsen, J., Coats, A. J. S., Escribano-Subias, P., Ferrari, P., Ferreira, D. S., Ghofrani, H. A., Ginnakoulas, G., Kiely, D. G., Mayer, E., Meszaros, G., Nagavci, B., Olsson, K. M., Pepke-Zaba, J., Quint, J. K., Rådegran, G., Simonneau, G., Sitbon, O., Tonia, T., Toshner, M., Vachiery, J. L., Noordegraaf, A. V., Delcroix, M., Rosenkranz, S., ESC/ERS Scientific Document Group

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder that may involve multiple clinical conditions and may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The complexity of managing PH requires a multifaceted, holistic, and multidisciplinary approach, with active...

Keywords/Tags:
Chronic Thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension clinical practice cardiovascular respiratory disease Pathophysiological disorder

2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension

Author/s: Humbert, M., Kovacs, G., Hoeper, M. M., Badagliacca, R., Berger, R. M. F., Brida, M., Carlsen, J., Coats, A. J. S., Escribano-Subias, P., Ferrari, P., Ferreira, D. S., Ghofrani, H. A., Ginnakoulas, G., Kiely, D. G., Mayer, E., Meszaros, G., Nagavci, B., Olsson, K. M., Pepke-Zaba, J., Quint, J. K., Rådegran, G., Simonneau, G., Sitbon, O., Tonia, T., Toshner, M., Vachiery, J. L., Noordegraaf, A. V., Delcroix, M., Rosenkranz, S., ESC/ERS Scientific Document Group

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder that may involve multiple clinical conditions and may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The complexity of managing PH requires a multifaceted, holistic, and multidisciplinary approach, with active...

Keywords/Tags:
Chronic Thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension clinical practice cardiovascular respiratory disease Pathophysiological disorder

International normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time testing

Author/s: Chornenki, N. L. J., Fralick, M., Sholzberg, M.

International normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) have limited clinical utility
The INR and aPTT should be used only for specific clinical indications (see Appendix 1, available at...

Keywords/Tags:
Bleeding disorder direct oral anticoagulants activated partial thromboplastin International normalized ratio Specimen handling

Effects of salt substitutes on clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author/s: Yin, X., Rodgers, A., Perkovic, A., Huang, L., Li, K., Yu, J., Wu, Y., Wu, J. H. Y., Marklund, M., Huffman, M. D., Miranda, J. J., Di Tanna, G. L., Labarthe, D., Elliott, P., Tian, M., Neal, B.

Objectives The Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS) recently reported blood pressure-mediated benefits of a potassium-enriched salt substitute on cardiovascular outcomes and death. This study assessed the effects of salt substitutes on a breadth of outcomes to quantify the consistency of the...

Keywords/Tags:
hypertension meta-analysis stroke Salt Substitutes blood pressure

Covid-19 Vaccines — Immunity, Variants, Boosters

Author/s: Barouch, D. H.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has claimed an estimated 15 million lives, including more than 1 million lives in the United States alone. The rapid development of multiple Covid-19 vaccines has been a triumph of biomedical research, and billions of vaccine doses have been...

Keywords/Tags:
United States Biomedical Research vaccines Pandemics Immunity

Optimal Urine Culture Diagnostic Stewardship Practice-Results from an Expert Modified-Delphi Procedure

Author/s: Claeys, K. C., Trautner, B. W., Leekha, S., Coffey, K. C., Crnich, C. J., Diekema, D. J., Fakih, M. G., Goetz, M. B., Gupta, K., Jones, M. M., Leykum, L., Liang, S. Y., Pineles, L., Pleiss, A., Spivak, E. S., Suda, K. J., Taylor, J. M., Rhee, C., Morgan, D. J.

Background: Urine cultures are nonspecific and often lead to misdiagnosis of urinary tract infection and unnecessary antibiotics. Diagnostic stewardship is a set of procedures that modifies test ordering, processing, and reporting in order to optimize diagnosis and downstream treatment. In this...

Keywords/Tags:
Diagnostic Stewardship Expert consensus modified Delphi urinary tract infections urine cultures

Treatment of Clostridioides difficile Infection

Author/s: Sehgal, K., Cifu, A. S., Khanna, S.

GUIDELINE TITLE ACG Clinical Guidelines: Prevention,
Diagnosis, and Treatment of Clostridioides difficile Infections
RELEASE DATE May 18, 2021
PRIOR VERSION 2013
DEVELOPER American College of Gastroenterology (ACG)
FUNDING SOURCE ACG
TARGET POPULATION Adults...

Effect of Stenting Plus Medical Therapy vs Medical Therapy Alone on Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis The CASSISS Randomized Clinical Trial

Author/s: Gao, P., Wang, T., Wang, D., Liebeskind, D. S.", H., Li, T., Zhao, Z., Cai, Y., Wu, W., He, W., Yu, J., Zheng, B., Wang, H., Wu, Y., Dmytriw, A. A., Krings, T., Derdeyn, C. P., Jiao, L., CASSISS Trial Investigators

Importance: Prior randomized trials have generally shown harm or no benefit of stenting added to medical therapy for patients with symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, but it remains uncertain as to whether refined patient selection and more experienced surgeons might result...

Keywords/Tags:
randomized controlled trial Multicenter Study Treatment Outcome Pathologic Constriction stroke Stent

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