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Food Intake Compared to Exercise Association with Obesity in Children Ages 3–6

Author/s: Bedell, D., Sevcik, T., Daly, J. M., Levy, B. T.

Background: Childhood obesity affects 19.3% of children ages 2 to 19 years in the US, and 25.6% of Hispanic children. Study objectives were to (1) assess the feasibility of monitoring physical activity and daily caloric intake in children ages 3 to 6 years, (2) assess whether known obesity risk...

Keywords/Tags:
child overweight eating exercise BMI

Chlorthalidone vs. Hydrochlorothiazide for Hypertension–Cardiovascular Events

Author/s: Ishani, A., Cushman, W. C., Leatherman, S. M., R. A., Woods, P., Glassman, P. A., Taylor, A. A., Hau, C., Klint, A., Huang, G. D., Brophy, M. T., Fiore, L. D., Ferguson, R. E., Diuretic Comparison Project Writing Group

Background: Whether chlorthalidone is superior to hydrochlorothiazide for preventing major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension is unclear.

Methods: In a pragmatic trial, we randomly assigned adults 65 years of age or older who were patients in the Department of...

Keywords/Tags:
hypertension cardiovascular events heart failure veterans infarction

Cost-effectiveness of management strategies in recurrent acute otitis media

Author/s: Noorbakhsh, K. A., Liu, H., Kurs-Lasky, M., Smith, K. J., Hoberman, A., Shakh, N.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of tympanostomy tube placement vs. nonsurgical medical management, with the option of tympanostomy tube placement in the event of treatment failure, in children with recurrent acute otitis media (AOM).

Study design: A Markov decision model...

Keywords/Tags:
Recurrent acute otitis media ear infections Tympanostomy tube placement nonsurgical medical management acute otitis media

Amoxicillin Versus Other Antibiotic Agents for the Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Children

Author/s: Frost, H. M., Bizune, D., Gerber, J. S., Hersh, A. L., Hicks, L. A., Tsay, S. V.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the antibiotic treatment failure and recurrence rates between antibiotic agents (amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefdinir, and azithromycin) for children with uncomplicated acute otitis media (AOM).

Study design: We completed a...

Keywords/Tags:
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination amoxicillin cefdinir Azithromycin acute otitis media

Progression of Atrial Fibrillation after Cryoablation or Drug Therapy

Author/s: Andrade, J.G., Deyell, M. W., Macle, L., Wells, G. A., Bennett, M., Essebag, V., Champagne, J., Roux, J., Yung, D., Skanes, A., Khaykin, Y., Morillo, C., Jolly, U., Novak, P., Lockwood, E., Cadrin-Tourigny, J., Kochhäuser, S., Verma, A.

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a chronic, progressive disorder, and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation are associated with increased risks of thromboembolism and heart failure. Catheter ablation as initial therapy may modify the pathogenic mechanism of atrial fibrillation and alter...

Keywords/Tags:
quality of life Tachycardia Patient Acceptance of Health Care Catheters Confidence Intervals

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity

Author/s: Weghuber, D., Barrett, T.

BACKGROUND
A once-weekly, 2.4-mg dose of subcutaneous semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is used to treat obesity in adults, but assessment of the drug in adolescents has been lacking.

METHODS
In this double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-...

Keywords/Tags:
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Confidence Intervals Glycated Hemoglobin A Waist Circumference Lipoproteins, HDL

Sacral Neuromodulation for Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction

Author/s: Liechti, M. D., van der Lely, S., Knüpfer, S. C., Abt, D., Kiss, B., Lietner, L., Mordasini, L., Tornic, J., Wöllner, J., Mehnert, U., Bachmann, L. M., Burkhard, F. C., Engeler, D. S., Pannek, J., Kessler, T. M.

BACKGROUND
Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition; nevertheless, standard treatments often remain unsatisfactory. Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a well-established therapy for non-NLUTD, but there is a lack of randomized controlled...

Keywords/Tags:
Sacral Neuromodulation Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction referral and consultation Odds Ratio Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension with evening versus morning dosing of usual antihypertensives in the UK (TIME study): a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint clinical trial

Author/s: Mackenzie, I. S., Rogers, A., Poulter, N. R., Williams, B., Brown, M. J., Webb, D. J., Ford, I., Rorie, D. A., Guthrie, G., Grieve, J. W. K., Pigazzani, F., Rothwell, P. M., Young, R., McConnachie, A., Struthers, A. D., Lang, C. C., MacDonald, T. M.

Background: Studies have suggested that evening dosing with antihypertensive therapy might have better outcomes than morning dosing. The Treatment in Morning versus Evening (TIME) study aimed to investigate whether evening dosing of usual antihypertensive medication improves major cardiovascular...

Keywords/Tags:
Intention to Treat Analysis Antihypertensive Agents Cardiovascular Diseases Surveys and Questionnaires United Kingdom

Acid Suppression and Antibiotics Administered During Infancy Are Associated with Celiac Disease

Author/s: Boechler, M., Susi, A., Hisle-Gorman, E., Rogers, P. L., Nylund, C. M.

Objective
To investigate why certain at-risk individuals develop celiac disease, we examined the association of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), and antibiotic prescriptions in the first six months of life with an early childhood diagnosis of celiac...

Keywords/Tags:
Infancy Retrospective Studies children prescriptions celiac disease

Prune Juice Containing Sorbitol, Pectin, and Polyphenol Ameliorates Subjective Complaints and Hard Feces While Normalizing Stool in Chronic Constipation: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Author/s: Koyama, T., Nagata, N., Nishiura, K., Miura, N., Kawai, T., Yamamota, H.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of prune juice on chronic constipation.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Japanese subjects with chronic constipation.

Results: Prune intake significantly decreased...

Keywords/Tags:
Pectins Feces Dietary Fiber Double-Blind Method randomized control trial

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