Smoking cessation is known to have numerous health benefits, but it can also induce adverse physiological effects, including those affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Understanding the adverse physiological effects of smoking cessation on the GIT is critical for healthcare professionals...
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Adverse physiological effects of smoking cessation on the gastrointestinal tract: A review
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Nirmatrelvir or Molnupiravir Use and Severe Outcomes From Omicron Infections
Question: What outcomes are associated with ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir use for outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, particularly BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5, in high-risk individuals?
Findings: In a cohort study of 68 867 patients who received a diagnosis...
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Ulcerative Colitis in Adults: A Review
Importance: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon, with a prevalence exceeding 400 per 100 000 in North America. Individuals with UC have a lower life expectancy and are at increased risk for colectomy and colorectal cancer.
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Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide local analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects with minimal systemic uptake
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme, reducing inflammation and pain. Compared with oral formulations, topical NSAIDs...
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Apolipoprotein B in cardiovascular risk assessment
Apolipoprotein (apo) B measurement is a recommended alternative to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
The 2021 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guideline on dyslipidemia recommends that physicians may use levels of either non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or apo B...
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Catheter ablation and lower risk of incident dementia and mortality in older adults with atrial fibrillation
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has consistently been associated with a higher risk of incident dementia. Observational evidence has suggested catheter ablation may be associated with a lower risk of dementia in patients with AF, but further research is needed. The objectives of this study...
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Apolipoprotein B in cardiovascular risk assessment
Apolipoprotein (apo) B measurement is a recommended alternative to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
The 2021 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guideline on dyslipidemia recommends that physicians may use levels of either non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or apo B...
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Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women
We included 36 studies (23,299 women; 12,225 intervention group; 11,074 control group), of which 35 evaluated postmenopausal women; only one study evaluated perimenopausal women. The 'symptomatic or early postmenopausal women' subgroup included 10 studies, which included women experiencing...
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Reduce unnecessary routine vitamin D testing
Laura is a 40-year-old engineer of eastern European ancestry who presents to your office to request testing of her vitamin D levels. She generally wears sunscreen in the summer and wears sun-protective clothing year round. She is fairly healthy, eating a balanced diet high in fresh fruits and...
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Approach to nail trauma for primary care physicians
Objective: To provide an overview and approach to common nail bed injuries seen by primary care practitioners.
Sources of information: An Ovid MEDLINE literature search was performed using search terms and studies were graded based on level of evidence.
Main message: Nail trauma is...
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