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Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Author/s: Jain, A, Davis, AM

Atherosclerotic CVD remains the leading cause of death for people of most racial/ethnic groups. In 2010, the AHA suggested metrics of ideal cardiovascular health in 7 domains (blood pressure, physical activity, cholesterol, diet, weight, smoking, and blood glucose). There have since been...

Keywords/Tags:
CAD coronary artery disease guidelines American Heart Association American College of Cardiology CVD cardiovascular disease primary prevention

Subconcussive Football Hits May Leave a Telltale Signature of Brain Damage

Author/s: Sancar, F

College football players in the United States endure over 1000 head hits every season. Although many don’t produce symptoms such as dizziness or blurred vision that often accompany frank concussion, these “clinically silent” hits are associated with the same type of brain damage as concussion,...

Keywords/Tags:
head injury football brain injury athletes TBI CTE

Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption: Dietary Guideline Recommendations From the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) Consortium

Author/s: Johnston, BC, Zeraatkar, D, Han, MA, Vernooij RWM, Valli, C, El Dib, R, Marshall, C, Stover, PJ, Fairweather-Taitt, S, Wojcik, G, Bhatia, F, de Souza, R, Brotons, C, Meerpohl, JJ, Patel, CJ, Djulbegovic, B, Alonso-Coello, P, Bala, MM, Guyatt, GH

DESCRIPTION:

Dietary guideline recommendations require consideration of the certainty in the evidence, the magnitude of potential benefits and harms, and explicit consideration of people's values and preferences. A set of recommendations on red meat and processed meat consumption was...

Keywords/Tags:
meat red meat dietary guideline diet nutrition

Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author/s: Zhang, Y., Fang, F., Tang, J., Jia, L., Feng, Y., Xu, P., Faramand, A.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower mortality in adults.

DESIGN:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central...

Keywords/Tags:
cancer cancer mortality vitamin D Vitamin D3 supplimentation

Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2019-20 Influenza Season

Author/s: Grohskopf, L.A., Alyanak, E., Broder, K.R., Walter, E.B., Fry, A.M., Jernigan, D.B.

Abstract

This report updates the 2018-19 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States (MMWR Recomm Rep 2018;67[No. RR-3]). Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all...

Keywords/Tags:
Flu vaccines vaccination recommendations Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Characteristics of Case Management in Primary Care Associated With Positive Outcomes for Frequent Users of Health Care: A Systematic Review

Author/s: Hudon, C, Chouinard, MC, Pluye, P, El Sherif, R, Bush, PL, Rihoux, B, Poitras, ME, Lambert, M, Zomahoun, HTV, Legare, F

PURPOSE:

Case management (CM) interventions are effective for frequent users of health care services, but little is known about which intervention characteristics lead to positive outcomes. We sought to identify characteristics of CM that yield positive outcomes among frequent users with...

Keywords/Tags:
case management frequent users primary health care systematic review

Clinical Approach to Lactose Intolerance

Author/s: Micic, D, Rao, VL, Rubin, DT

Lactose intolerance refers to the clinical syndrome in which symptoms of bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea arise following the consumption of lactose-containing foods. Lactose malabsorption results from congenital lactase deficiency, secondary lactose intolerance, and,...

Keywords/Tags:
lactose intolerance lactase deficiency diagnostic tests

Changes in nut consumption influence long-term weight change in US men and women

Author/s: X, Li, Y, Guasch-Ferre, M, Willett, WC, Drouin-Chartier, JP, Bhupathiraju, SN, Tobias, DK

Background Nut consumption has increased in the US but little evidence exists on the association between changes in nut consumption and weight change. We aimed to evaluate the association between changes in total consumption of nuts and intakes of different nuts (including...

Keywords/Tags:
weight loss diet nuts

Step-Up Therapy in Black Children and Adults with Poorly Controlled Asthma

Author/s: Wechsler, ME, Szefler, SJ, Ortega, VE, Pongracic, JA, Chinchili, V, Lima, JJ, Krishnan, JA, Kunselman, SJ, Mauger, D, Bleecker, ER, Bacharier, LB, Beigelman, A, Benson, M, Blake, KV, Cabana, MD, Cardet, JC, Castro, M, Chmiel, JF, Covar, R, Denlinger, L, DiMango, E, Fitzpatrick, AM, Gentile, D, Grossman, N, Holguin, F, Jackson, DJ, Kumar, H, Kraft, M, LaForce, CF, Lang, J, Lazarus, SC, Lemanske, RF Jr, Long, D, Lugogo, N, Martinez, F, Meyers, DA, Moore, WC, Moy, J, Naureckas, E, Olin, JT, Peters, SP, Phipatanakul, W, Que, L, Raissy, H, Robison, RG, Ross, K, Sheehan, W, Smith, LJ, Solway, J, Sorkness, CA, Sullivan-Vedder, L, Wenzel, S, Israel, E, NHLBI AsthmaNet

BACKGROUND:

Morbidity from asthma is disproportionately higher among black patients than among white patients, and black patients constitute the minority of participants in trials informing treatment. Data indicate that patients with inadequately controlled asthma benefit more from...

Keywords/Tags:
asthma African Americans glucocorticoids randomized control trial

Testing of a Tool for Prostate Cancer Screening Discussions in Primary Care

Author/s: Misra-Hebert, AD, Hom, G, Klein, EA, Bauman, JA, Gupta, N, Ji, X, Stephenson, AJ, Jones, JS, Kattan, Kattan, MW

The link to the study is available here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30003062

BACKGROUND:

As prostate cancer (PCa) screening decisions often occur in outpatient primary care, a brief tool to help the PCa ...

Keywords/Tags:
cancer screening clinical decision-making prostate cancer prostate-specific antigen shared decision-making

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