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Approach to Obesity Treatment in Primary Care: A Review

Author/s: Susan Z Yanovski, Jack A Yanovski

Importance: More than 40% of US adults have obesity, which increases the risks for multiple chronic diseases and premature mortality. Historically, nonsurgical interventions often have not led to sufficient weight loss and maintenance to improve health, but highly effective antiobesity...

Keywords/Tags:
obesity lifestyle behaviors diet weight loss weight gain body weight

The Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder: Synopsis of the 2023 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline

Author/s: Paula P Schnurr, Jessica L Hamblen, Jonathan Wolf, Rachael Coller, Claire Collie, Matthew A Fuller, Paul E Holtzheimer, Ursula Kelly, Ariel J Lang, Kate McGraw, Joshua C Morganstein, Sonya B Norman, Katie Papke, Ismene Petrakis, David Riggs, James A Sall, Brian Shiner, Ilse Wiechers, Marija S Kelber

Description: The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) worked together to revise the 2017 VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder. This article summarizes the 2023 clinical practice...

Keywords/Tags:
PTSD veterans Veterans Health Department of Veterans Affairs Department of Defense antidepressants

Project nature: promoting outdoor physical activity in children via primary care

Author/s: Georgia M Griffin, Carolina Nieto, Kirsten Senturia, Marshall Brown, Kimberly Garrett, Elizabeth Nguyen, Danette Glassy, Emily Kroshus, Pooja Tandon

Background

Families face a range of barriers in supporting their children’s active play in nature including family circumstances, environmental constraints, and behavioral factors. Evidence-based strategies to address these barriers are needed. We aimed to develop and pilot test a primary...

Keywords/Tags:
behavior therapy children children's health preschool-age children school-age children exercise nature parenting

What Is Bipolar Disorder?

Author/s: Rebecca Voelker

Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.

Bipolar disorder affects about 8 million people in the US and an estimated 40 million individuals worldwide. Symptoms of bipolar disorder typically start between age 15 to 25 years, often with an...

Keywords/Tags:
Psychiatry behavioral health Bipolar Disorder mental health

Management of Food Allergies and Food-Related Anaphylaxis

Author/s: Edward G A Iglesia, Mildred Kwan, Yamini V Virkud, Onyinye I Iweala

Importance: An estimated 7.6% of children and 10.8% of adults have IgE-mediated food-protein allergies in the US. IgE-mediated food allergies may cause anaphylaxis and death. A delayed, IgE-mediated allergic response to the food-carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) in mammalian...

Keywords/Tags:
Alpha-Gal Syndrome Anaphylaxis Food Allergies Food Allergy nuts Shellfish

Postinfectious cough in adults

Author/s: Kevin Liang, Philip Hui, Samantha Green

Postinfectious cough affects 11%–25% of adults after a respiratory infection

Postinfectious cough is defined as a subacute cough, with symptoms lasting between 3 and 8 weeks.1 The preceding infection triggers an inflammatory cascade, increasing bronchial sensitivity and mucus production,...

Keywords/Tags:
cough postinfectious cough respiratory system Respiratory medicine family medicine

What Is Childhood Leukemia?

Author/s: Jenny Ruiz, Colleen Mathews, Erika Friehling

Childhood leukemia is the most common type of cancer that affects children. Leukemia is a cancer of white blood cells that starts in bone marrow (the soft center part of bones), which produces blood cells. Once a leukemic cell develops, it multiplies quickly in the bone marrow and can prevent...

Keywords/Tags:
Pediatric Cancer Hematology oncology pediatrics Hematologic Cancer

Thyroid Cancer: A Review

Author/s: Laura Boucai, Mark Zafereo, Maria E Cabanillas

Importance: Approximately 43 720 new cases of thyroid carcinoma are expected to be diagnosed in 2023 in the US. Five-year relative survival is approximately 98.5%. This review summarizes current evidence regarding pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of early-stage and advanced thyroid...

Keywords/Tags:
Endocrinology oncology Otolaryngology surgery Surgical Oncology Thyroid Disorders diabetes Endocrine Cancer Targeted and Immune Therapy

Risk of Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss

Author/s: Mohit Sodhi, Ramin Rezaeianzadeh, Abbas Kezouh, Mahyar Etminan

This database study examines the association between glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists (eg, semaglutide, liraglutide) used for weight loss and reports of gastrointestinal adverse events.
Keywords/Tags:
weight loss body weight obesity diabetes Gastroenterology

What Is Ulcerative Colitis?

Author/s: Rebecca Voelker

This JAMA Patient Page describes the condition of ulcerative colitis and its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Keywords/Tags:
ulcerative colitis Diarrhea Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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